Egyptian Society

Egyptian society was organized into classes:
-The Pharaoh was viewed and worshipped as a god. He was the absolute ruler who made laws, maintained courts, waged war, collected taxes, constructed irrigation canals and public buildings, kept written records, and owned the land.
-The nobles served as advisors, local governors, tax collectors, and military commanders.
- The medical profession of Ancient Egypt had its own hierarchy. At the top was the chief medical officer of Egypt. Under him were the superintendents and inspectors of physicians, and beneath then were the physicians. Egyptian doctors were very advanced in their knowledge of herbal remedies and surgical techniques. Also part of Egyptian medicine were magic, charms, and spells, which had only psychological effects, if any, on a patient.
- Engineers, with their mathematical and architectural knowledge, were responsible for the planning and building of the monuments, temples, and pyramids of Egypt. The architects were not the actual builders, insttead they were in charge of the branch of government involved. Then men who did calculations, drew up the plans, surveyed the sites, and supervised the work day were scribes. Above the priests, doctors, and engineers were the high priests and noblemen whom the pharaoh appointed as his assistants, generals, and administrators, who together formed the government.
- The privileged aristocracy consisted of the pharaoh, the royal family, the nobles, and the priests. These dominant classes lived luxuriously. The rest of society was the unprivileged masses who could not participate in government.
- The peasants worked the farms and were expected to serve the pharaoh during the off season. - The slaves were the manual laborers who dug irrigation ditches and built temples.
- While the merchants & craftspeople enjoyed some wealth and comfort, the peasants and slaves suffered hardship and poverty.

GEOGRAPHY

Ancient Egypt is located in northeast Africa. Geography greatly influenced Egyptian life. The greatest influence on Egyptian society was the Nile River valley. The Nile flooded every year which allowed the Egyptians to produce good crops. The Nile flows north from mountains of east-central Africa to the Mediterranean Sea. The Nile helped make Egypt the world's first unified state; it linked Upper Egypt and Lower Egypt. 3. The Nile served as a trade route and as a highway for travel. (Because the land would be a desert without Nile waters, the ancient Greek historian Herodotus called Egypt "the gift of the Nile.")

Natural Boundaries. Egypt was partially protected against invasion by natural barriers: deserts, mountains, and seas. Thus sheilded, the early Egyptians devoted themselves chiefly to peaceful pursuits.

FAMILY

The nuclear family was the fundamental social unit of ancient Egypt. “The family was broken down into roles that each would play in order for things to run smoothly. The father was the one who would work all day. In smaller households the mother was in charge of all things pertaining to the house. Cooking, cleaning and watching the children were all her responsibilities. In some larger homes servants served as maids and midwives to help the mother.”[1]

Firstly Ancient Egypt culture makes and establishes many rules and policies to get an organized civilization in order to divide efficiency and evenly work depending of the gender of the society , because that will define what activities they can do or that will give the importance of their work to the community and which responsibilities they have to obtain .

Secondly, inside the family the women were responsible for the day-to-day operations and decisions. Women did and needed to have the same legal rights and status under the law as men who were gone from the home much of the time due to seasonal projects or warfare. The division of labor within a household evolved from environmental conditions.

For example, peasant children accompanied their parents into the fields; the male offspring of craftsmen often served as apprentices to their fathers. Many privileged children received formal education to become a scribe. Some promising youngsters were taught by priests in temples, and children of the nobility sometimes received private instruction from tutors or learned to be an officer in the army.

As a result, an ordinary family cooking was done by the housewife, but larger households employed servants to work in the kitchen and a chef who usually do the cooking (important and usual dinner). For this reason the Egyptians had ovens, and knew how to boil roast, and fry food.

As a consequence of that, the father was responsible for the economic well-being of the family. Upper-class men often became scribes or priests, while lower-class men often were farmers, hunters, potters, or other craftsmen. The mother supervised the household, including servants, and cared for the upbringing of the children. Upper-class women could become priestesses, and all women could become musicians or professional mourners.
Children stayed at home until they reached marriageable age (about twenty for males, younger for females). Although Egyptian children had toys and are occasionally depicted at play, much of their time was spent preparing for adulthood.

To sum up the roles in the Ancient Egypt family the men did very physical labor in the hot sun, and women labored inside or in the shade. Women attended to the household's gardens and orchards. There were no formal schools for girls, so mothers educated their daughters in the home. Women did attend professional schools, such as the school of medicine at Heliopolis and the woman's school at Sais, to learn to become doctors.

[1] http://www.mnsu.edu/emuseum/prehistory/egypt/dailylife/kinship_marriage.html

CIVILIZATION

A civilization is a society or group of people which is identified for social, cultural, economic and political issues that create its traditions and allow the development in particular activities. This refers the way that people live and have been characterized for a long period of time, being recognized by its art, costums, laws, habits, values, beliefs and so forth; therefore being distinguished from others civilizations.

OBJETIVE

Well we decide to choose Egypt because I (Maria Camila Giraldo) tell my group about this civilization and they thought that learn more about this can be really interesting.
We decide to do it, because we want to learn or know a lit bit more about the history of this country, because they have a lot of mysterious things that can be interest like how they did the pyramids and monuments. All the monuments and the pyramid are made with really heavy rocks and strange forms that makes us think how that could be build on that time, because they didn’t have machines like today we have to construct all those things. Also is significant to understand the way that they government with them Pharaoh and all the things that they believe in. Is really curries that this country been an ancient civilization (300 B.C) and makes people feel interest to go there and go to visit the Nile river, that is so beautiful and other typical and tourist places.

PROFILE

My name is Paula Alejandra López Novoa, Im 19 years old; I study medicine in the Sabana University, in fourth semester. I’m a sensitive person, who always cares about the welfare of others who like to share their thoughts and experiences, I like to have fun and laugh, I like to work and learn new things that can help me in my intellectual and personal training, I am a girl who likes. I love playing tennis, dancing, go to the club, go out with my family, my boyfriend and my friends and share with them, draw, paint and create new things.

My name is Adriana Alejandra Fuentes Amorocho , I’m 17 years old, I study international business administration in the Sabana University.I’m a spontaneous, autenthic, happy, multicultural, intelligent, fighter person who like to be the best in everything that I do. I’m a natural leader who dedicates time to study and be succefull in live. I like to dance , to act , to sing ,to investigate, to create new things , I like to read , to cook , to be occupate in many different activities, I like play golf, skiing , tennis, I like bowling , I like go party , hung out with friends, go to church and be a religious person .

My name is Maria Camila Giraldo Gonzalez, I’m 19 years old, I study social Communication. I’m a happy person, I love to meet people, hanging out person, very responsible, kind and decide person. In my free time I like to hanging out with my friends, also talk with them about our live, and have time with my family.